Note: Page numbers in the Index refer to the print edition. The Index entries can be used as search terms for the online edition. AAIB. See American Association of Instructors of the Blind
A
AAWB. See American Association of Workers for the Blind
AFB. See American Foundation for the Blind
AFOB. See American Foundation for Overseas Blind
Aaronsohn, Rabbi Michael, 288, 313 fn
Abel, Georgie Lee, 355, 368, 487
Accreditation, 330, 378–81, 559 . See also Commission on Standards and Accreditation; National Accreditation Council
Acheson, Dean, 173
Adams, James S., 437
Adjustment Centers for the Blind (Spring Mill Conference Report), 329
Advisory Committee on Aging, 558
Aged Blind, 55, 557–58
Agencies serving blind persons, 58, 558–59 . See also State agencies and commissions, and under individual names
Aids and appliances, 96, 366, 384, 385–415, 534 . See also AFB: technological research; Mobility: guidance devices; Reading machines
Aid to the Blind (Title X). See Social Security Act
Air Transport Association, 96
Akiba, Umaji, 423–24
Albe, E. E. Fournier d', 392, 394
Alcorn, Sophia, 524, 526
Alexander Graham Bell Association for the Deaf. See Volta Bureau
Alexander, King of Yugoslavia, 373
Allen, Alfred, 288, 362, 365
Allen, Edward Ellis, 15, 22, 277, 423, 443, 447–48, 479–81, 538 ; on Charles Campbell, 541 ; on dog guides, 337 ; and education of partially sighted, 471 ; and Harvard Course, 471 ; on hereditary blindness, 455 ; on Irwin, 41 ; retirement of, 479–80
Allen, Murray B., 18, 322, 324
Allen, William E., 487–88
Altmeyer, Commissioner Arthur J., 207
American Academy of Pediatrics, 462
American Association of Instructors of the Blind (AAIB), 15, 443, 450–51, 496–97 ; and AFB, 25, 497 ; on education of the deaf-blind, 509–10, 525 ; on support of Outlook, 538 ; teacher certification by, 376, 473 . See also Education; Teacher training
American Association of Instructors of the Deaf, 514
American Association to Promote the Teaching of Speech to the Deaf. See Volta Bureau
American Association of Workers for the Blind (AAWB), 14–18, 207, 236, 287, 480, 536, 537, 543 ; and AFB, 129–30, 361–62, 375–76 ; certifications by, 324–25, 353, 376–78, 562 ; positions on legislation, 215, 218, 223–24, 227, 256, 560
American Asylum for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb, 502
American Bible Society, 155, 320
American Blind People's Higher Education and General Improvement Association (later, AAWB), 16
American Braille Commission, 110
American Braille Press (earlier, American, British, French and Belgian Permanent Blind War Relief Fund; later, AFOB), 125, 420, 426–27
American, British, French and Belgian Permanent Blind War Relief Fund (later, American Braille Press), 9, 417–20
American Council of the Blind, 227, 256, 560, 563
American Federation of Labor, 236
American Federation of Organizations for the Hard of Hearing, 511
American Foundation for the Blind, 14–27, 28–41, 59–88, 89–101, 358–84 ; administration of, 361, 365–69 ; advisory committees, 187, 213–14, 382, 404, 410, 499, 516, 557 ; and AFOB, 428 ; archives of, 550–51 ; and Blinded Veterans Association, 312–13, 314–15 ; books published by, 38–39, 182–83, 315, 324, 328, 329, 330, 332, 333, 369–70, 423, 468, 478, 491, 517, 518, 520, 546–47, 549, 558 ; and Commission on Standards and Accreditation, 378–81 ; constitution and by-laws of, 22, 25–27, 361 ; direct services for blind persons of, 93–95, 96, 366–67, 383, 385–91, 402–15 ; and dog guide movement, 339–41, 342 ; educational services of, 455, 469, 472, 473, 478–79, 481–82, 487–88, 491–92, 494–95, 498, 499 ; executive directors of, 28–32, 100–101, 362–63 ; finances of, 28, 30, 98–99, 148, 361, 374, 375–76 ; fund-raising campaigns of, 35, 65–81, 92–93, 98–99 ; and Helen Keller, 35, 63–87, 372 ; legislative initiatives by, 95–96, 131–43, 150–52, 198–99, 208–09, 224, 238, 241–42, 255–56, 258–61, 265, 268 ; low-vision services of, 406–12 ; and Anne Sullivan Macy, 67–82, 83–84, 153 ; and National Accreditation Council, 380–81 ; national meetings convened by, 225–27, 329–31, 352, 469–70, 498 ; and National Federation of the Blind, 561–62 ; and National Industries for the Blind, 242–43, 248–49, 251 ; officers and trustees of, 25–27, 100, 116, 358–61, 374–75, 382–83 ; offices and buildings of, 30–31, 98, 367, 371–74 ; periodicals published by, 214, 517, 542–48 (See also Braille Book Review, Outlook, Talking Book Topics, Teachers Forum); policies adopted by, 354, 383, 404, 410, 487–88 ; professional training programs of, 98, 324, 325, 471–73 ; public education programs of, 32, 33–34, 366–67, 542–44, 548–49, 550, 551–54 ; and Recording for the Blind, 181 ; scholarship program of, 96–97, 324, 389 ; services to agencies of, 33–34, 53, 336, 378 ; services for the aging of, 557–58 ; services for deaf-blind persons of, 368, 510–12, 516–21, 525–28 ; services for preschool children of, 486–89 ; services for war-blinded of, 90–93, 301–06, 310–11 ; social research by, 53, 224, 315, 328–29, 332, 366, 378, 406–07, 456, 472, 495 ; and Talking Book, 144, 152–54, 155–56, 163–65, 166–69, 183–89, 193–94 ; technological research by, 117, 119–20, 187, 356, 365–66, 386–90, 398, 406–07, 409, 411, 412–13 ; and workshops for the blind, 236–38, 240–42, 254–56 ; and World Conference on Work for the Blind, 420–25
American Foundation for Overseas Blind (AFOB), 428–37
American Geriatrics Society, 558
American Library Association, 117, 123, 125, 130, 132–34
American Medical Association, 50, 407
American Notes, 106–07, 504
American Physical Therapy Association, 270
American Printing House for the Blind, 90–92, 112, 113, 114–15, 117–19, 120, 178, 397, 411, 454 ; and Pratt-Smoot Act, 132–43, 152 ; and Talking Book, 159–60, 166–68, 169
American Public Welfare Association, 205
American Radio Association, 93
American Red Cross, 9, 46, 123, 126, 278, 281, 286 . See also Red Cross Institute for the Blind
Anagnos, Michael, 66, 107, 321, 443–44, 453, 455, 507
Anderson, Reverend Harry O., 313 fn
Andrews, Francis M., 355, 451
Anne Sullivan Macy Service for Deaf-Blind Persons, 522
Anophthalmia, 489
Arkansas Enterprises for the Blind, 224, 266, 327, 331
Arkansas School for the Blind, 450, 493
Armitage, Dr. Thomas Rhodes, 446
Armour Research Foundation, 121
Arthur Sunshine Home and Kindergarten for Blind Babies, 482
Artificial vision, 403, 415
Asenjo, J. Albert, 368, 433
Ashcroft, Samuel C., 474
Ashley, Alexander M., 244
Ashley, William, 68, 69
Asia, 3, 423–25, 431–32
As I Saw It, 106, 129, 151, 234, 241, 341, 369, 549
Association for the Chinese Blind, 431, 434
Association for Computing Machinery, 271
Association for the Education of the Visually Handicapped (earlier, AAIB, which See ), 381, 477, 497, 560
Associations of blind persons, 207–08, 209, 225, 227, 253, 254, 256, 267, 381, 423, 425, 427, 429, 560, 561
Astor, Mrs. John, 417
Atkinson, J. Robert, 27, 115, 116, 118–19, 132, 137–38, 141–42, 156–57, 288
Atlanta Community Services for the Blind, 182–83
Author's League, 147
Aycock, Harmon Burton, 264
B
BVA. See Blinded Veterans Association
Babcock, Dr. Robert H., 6, 358
"Babies' sore eyes." See Ophthalmia neonatorum
Bach-y-Rita, Paul, 396
Baker, Captain Edwin A., 275, 288, 296, 426, 436 . See also Canadian National Institute for the Blind
Bancroft, Anne, 82
Bankhead, House Speaker William B., 241–42
Barbier, Charles, 102, 105
Barbour, William, 172
Barden-LaFollette Act (PL 78-113). See Vocational Rehabilitation Act amendments
Barden, Representative Graham A., 224, 259
Baring, Representative Walter S., 560
Barnett, M. Robert, 181, 191, 207, 232, 315, 428, 437, 543, 545 ; career of, 362–65 ; on fund-raising practices, 377 ; on ophthalmologists, 332 ; on personnel recruitment, 378 ; and Talking Book, 168–69 ; on vending stand legislation, 224–25
Barr, John W., 117, 135, 140
Batavia. See New York State School for the Blind
Battelle Memorial Institute, 394
Bauman, Mary K., 477, 497
Beddoes, Dr. Michael P., 394
Bell, Alexander Graham, 60, 107, 373, 512
Bell and Howell, 520
Bell Telephone Laboratories 149, 157, 190, 404
Belmont, August, 417
Bender, Dr. Lauretta, 486
Benham, Thomas A., 389, 400
Bennett, James V., 236–38
Berens, Dr. Conrad, 81
Berinstein, Benjamin, 218
Binet, Alfred, 38
Bionic Industries, 401
Birchard, Florence W., 19, 229
Black, Senator Hugo, 197
Blades, Dr. Jay, 52
Blaine, Mrs. Emmons, 27
Blanchard, Mary (Mrs. Robert B. Irwin), 40, 457
Bledsoe, C. Warren, 299, 307, 308, 309, 315, 451, 545
Bledsoe, John Francis, 17, 22, 299, 480
Blind Child and His Reading, The, 478, 547
Blinded Soldiers' and Sailors' Hospital. See St. Dunstan's
Blinded Veterans Association (BVA), 208, 227, 256, 311–314, 317
"Blindiana" library collections, 430, 444, 548
Blind in School and Society, The, 468, 549
Blindness: adjustment to, 326–34, 485 ; attitudes toward, 3–4, 11, 552–54, 555 ; causes of, 54–58, 455, 556 (See also Aging; Ophthalmia neonatorum; Retrolental fibroplasia; Rubella); definitions of, 50–52, 208, 555–56 ; expenditures on, 9, 58 ; fears of, 1–4, 455 ; misconceptions and myths about, 2–8, 553 ; parental attitudes toward blind children, 485 ; and personality development, 485 ; primitive practices associated with, 2–3 ; psychological effects of, 485 ; statistics of, 51, 52–55, 435, 555
Blindness: Modern Approaches to the Unseen Environment, 391
Blindness prevention programs, worldwide, 435
"Blindness system," 559
"Blind Relief Laws and Their Administration," 39–40
Blind Relief Laws—Their Theory and Practice, 547
"Blind trades." See Occupations
Bliss, Dr. James C., 395–96, 406
Bok, Edward, 56
Books About the Blind, 547
Boorman, James, 442
Bordley, Dr. (Major) James, Jr., 22, 26, 277, 278, 282, 283, 285
Boston Center for Blind Children, 485
Boston Committee for the Blind, 399
Boston Line Type, 106, 443, 451
Bostwick, Arthur E., 27
Boulter, Eric T., 429, 431, 432, 436
Bowlers Victory Legion, 315
Brace, Julia, 502
Braddy, Nella (later, Nella Braddy Henney), 63, 82, 85, 374, 444
Brademas, Representative John, 227, 269
Bradley, General Omar, 297, 298, 299, 300
Brady, Major John F., 298, 313
Braille Authority, 110
Braille Book Review, 125–26, 545, 548
Braille code, 102–10 ; invention of, 103–06 ; in music notation, 107–08 ; Spanish, 432 ; standardization of, 10, 17, 39, 43–44, 107–10 ; and "war of the dots," 10, 42–44, 532, 537 (See also New York Point). See also Finger-reading systems
Brailled books, 125, 126, 128–43 ; for blinded veterans, 90–92 ; disadvantages of, 10, 90–91 ; hand-copied, 125, 126 ; lists of, 125–26 ; private underwriting of, 92–93 . See also AFB: technological research; American Printing House for the Blind; Braille Institute of America
Braille Institute of America, 131–43, 156–58, 327 . See also J. Robert Atkinson; Universal Braille Press
Braille, Louis, 102–05
Braillemboss, 398
Braille Mirror, 138
Braille Monitor, 381, 562
Braille printing and writing, 108–27 ; by means of braille slate, 105 ; braillewriting machines for, 105, 110–13, 119–22, 303 ; computer-set, 120, 397–98 ; in Europe, 113, 420 ; by Garin process, 122, 124 ; by hand transcription, 122 (See also Brailled books: hand-copied); interpointing in, 113–14, 116, 117–18 ; stereotypers for, 112–13, 116–17, 119–20 . See also AFB: technological research; American Printing House for the Blind; Braille Institute of America
Braille Trumpeter, 140–41
Braille watches, 96, 301–02, 534
Bramhall, Robert I., 340
Bramlette, E. E., 113, 117, 118, 159
Brandon, Arthur L., 380, 381, 382
Brandt, William Conrad. See William Ziegler, Jr.
Braun, Jakob, 445
Bray, Robert S., 176, 192–93, 412
Breckinridge, Aida da Costa, 371
Breuel, John W., 187, 365, 388
Bridgman, Laura, 107, 440, 444, 503, 504, 508–09
Brieux, Eugene, 418
British Blind Persons Act, 425
Brock, Mitchell, 382, 428
Brooklyn Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor, 32
Brooklyn Bureau of Charities, 98, 247, 551
Brooklyn Exchange and Training School for the Blind, 32
Broom manufacturing. See Occupations: "blind trades"
Brown, Captain Charles W., 97, 358
Brown, George W., 27
Brusca, Joseph, 116
Bryan, Dorothy D., 368, 516–17
Bryan, Frank C., 113, 116, 120, 423
Buchanan, Dr. Howard, 340 fn
Burbank, Luther, 373
Burger, John D., 95
Burritt, Olin H., 15, 22, 277, 322, 323, 475, 538 ; on E.E. Allen, 448 ; and AFB, 27, 28, 339, 359–60 ; on education of the partially sighted, 494 ; on employment of Irwin, 41 ; and Helen Keller, 81 ; on retardation, 489
Bush, Dr. Vannevar, 390
Butler, Dr. Nicholas Murray, 30, 417
Butow, Margaret, 394
BVA Bulletin, 313
C
Caesar, Doris, 437
Café des Aveugles (Café of the Blind), 440
California Council of the Blind, 561
California School for the Blind, 169, 463, 471, 524, 525, 561
Cambridge Research and Development Group, 190
Campbell, Charles F. F., 20, 22, 133, 229, 277, 535–42, 546, 549–50 ; and AFB, 64–67, 72 ; and Evergreen, 283, 285 ; and Helen Keller, 65–66, 80–81 ; marriages of, 535, 539, 540
Campbell, Francis (son of Charles), 542, 549
Campbell, Guy, 535, 541
Campbell, Louise Bealby (Mrs. Guy), 541
Campbell, Marion A., 408
Campbell, Mary Dranga, 344, 538, 541, 547, 550–51
Campbell, Sir Francis J., 446–49, 535, 541, 549–50
Campbell, Sophia Faulkner (Lady Francis J.), 22, 535, 549
Campbell, Wilhelmina Dranga, 536, 537, 539
Campbell, Zelma Leath, 540, 541
Canadian National Institute for the Blind, 18, 222, 230, 275
Cane travel. See Mobility: cane travel
Carnegie, Andrew, 61
Carnegie Corporation, 117, 119, 121–22, 147–50, 155, 167, 186, 547
Carnegie, Mrs. Andrew, 92–93, 472
Carris, Lewis H., 19, 23, 28, 197
Carroll Rehabilitation Center for the Visually Impaired, 298
Carroll, Reverend Thomas J., 296, 306, 311, 313, 332, 351–52
Catholic Guild for All the Blind, 298, 352
Catts, Robert M., 98
Cauffman, Joseph G., 296, 487, 497
Certification. See Standards and certification
Chadwick, C. D., 22, 199
Chapin, William, 443
Chapman, Tad, 524
Chappell, J. Hiram, 230
Cheek, Dr. Roma S., 296, 327
Chevigny, Hector, 337, 552
Chicago Board of Education, 456
Chicago Lighthouse, 19, 71
Chicago Medical Society, 5
China, 424, 432
Cholden, Louis, 332, 549
Christian Science, 7, 115–16
Churchman, William Henry, 450, 451, 453
Cincinnati Association for the Welfare of the Blind, 18
Cincinnati Library for the Blind, 134
Clarke School for the Deaf, 440, 524
Clark, Harold T., 125
Clark, Leslie L., 369, 415
Clark-Walsh Act (PL 78-16), 202
Claude, Abram, Jr., 251
Clear Type Publishing Company, 38
Cleaveland, Frank, 484
Cleveland Society for the Blind, 19, 125, 221, 251, 354
Clovernook Printing House for the Blind, 115
Clunk, Joseph F., 18, 220, 221–22, 229–32, 262, 264, 288, 365
Cochran, Representative John J., 241
Coker, Jackie, 529
Cole, Criss, 272
Colgate, Henry A., 342
Colleges and universities: Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 404 ; Boston College, 352, 526 ; Boston University, 472, 481, 526 ; California State College at Los Angeles, 353 ; Columbia University, 332, 345, 388, 471 ; Cornell University, 5 ; Eastern Michigan University, 516, 525 ; Florida State University, 353 ; George Peabody College for Teachers, 471, 473, 491, 527 ; Hampton Institute, 472 ; Harvard Graduate School of Education, 471 ; Haverford College, 400 ; Hunter College, 472 ; Michigan State Normal College, 472 ; Michigan State University, 528 ; Northwestern University, 6, 491 ; Pennsylvania School of Social Work and Health, 322 ; San Francisco State College, 353, 491, 528 ; Santiago College (Chile), 48 ; Stanford University, 395 ; Syracuse University, 526 ; University of California, 471 ; University of Canterbury (New Zealand), 402 ; University of Chicago, 398 ; University of Cincinnati, 271 ; University of Louisville, 189, 190, 333 ; University of Michigan at Ypsilanti, 325 ; University of Minnesota, 491 ; University of Northern Colorado, 353 ; University of the Pacific, 396 ; University of Pittsburgh, 353 ; University of Washington, 36, 472 ; University of Wisconsin, 472 ; West Virginia State College, 472 ; Wesleyan University, 404 ; Western Michigan University, 325, 352 ; Western Reserve University, 325 . See also Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Collins, Carter C., 396
Columbia Broadcasting System, 158, 186, 404
Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities, 381
Commission on Standards and Accreditation of Services for the Blind (COMSTAC), 265, 325, 330, 353, 379–81, 562
Committee for Men Blinded in Battle, 417–18, 434 . See also Winifred Holt
Committee on Purchases of Blind-Made Products, 238, 243–44
Committee for Purchase of Products and Services of the Blind and Other Severely Handicapped, 255
Committee on Sensory Devices (CSD), 184, 390–94, 398–400, 409
Community Service Society of New York, 558
Condon, Randall J., 27
Conference of Executives of American Schools for the Deaf, 526
Connecticut School for the Blind, 464
Conquest of Blindness, The, 547
Coolidge, Mrs. Calvin, 77
Cooper, Dr. Franklin S., 393
Cooper Engineering Company, 119
Cooper, Representative Jere, 208–09
Copyrights, 146–47
Cornell, Katharine, 371, 434
Corner, Dr. George W., 184, 391–92
Cosgrove, Elizabeth, 326
Council of National Defense Advisory Committee, 276–77
Council of State Administrators of Vocational Rehabilitation, 381
Crail, Representative Joe, 131–42
Criss Cole Rehabilitation Center, 331
Crocker, William H., 417
Cromwell, William Nelson, 359, 370, 419–20, 425–26, 427, 428
Crosley, Powel, Jr., 94
Crowley, John S., 382–83, 428
Crusades, 8
Cummings, Francis J., 362
Curtis, John B., 18, 456
Cutsforth, Thomas D., 467
D
Dallenbach, Karl M., 187
Dartmouth Eye Institute, 409
Darwin, Charles, 503
David, Dr. Edward E., Jr., 404
Davis, Edna Irwin, 550
Davis, Senator James J., 303
Dawes, Vice-President Charles G., 77
Day classes. See Education: public schools
Day, O.E. (Barney), 230
Deaf-blind persons, 107, 500–529 ; AFB services for, 368, 516–18 ; education of, 507, 509, 512–15, 523–28 ; Industrial Home for the Blind services for, 331, 515 ; methods of communication with, 413–14, 503–05, 508, 516–20 ; methods for teaching speech to, 506, 524–25 ; training of teachers for, 516, 526, 527 . See also Laura Bridgman; Helen Keller: education of
Dean, Arthur H., 419
Dear, Brigadier General W. R., 304
Debetaz, William, 342
Delfino, Liborio, 277, 499
Delta Gamma sorority, 485
Dennison Manufacturing Company, 229
Detroit Day School for the Deaf, 525
Detroit League for the Handicapped, 540–41
Diabetes, 57
Dickens, Charles, 106, 504
Dinsmore, Annette B., 368, 517, 528
Directory of Agencies Serving the Visually Handicapped in the United States, 546
Disability compensation, veterans', 279, 305–06
Disability insurance. See Social Security Act
District of Columbia General Hospital, 461
District Enterprises for the Blind, 223
Dix, Dorothea, 439
Dog guide schools, 345–49 . See also Mobility: dog guides
Dot-writing. See Braille code; New York Point
Dual schools. See Education: dual schools
Duke, Patty, 82
Dulles, John Foster, 419, 427, 428
Duluth Lighthouse, 19
Dunn bill, 217–18
Dunn, Representative Matthew A., 217–18, 242, 272
DuPont, Mrs. Alfred I., 364
Dupress, John Kenneth, 404–06
Dyer, Frank L., 145–46
E
Eastern Blind Rehabilitation Center (VA), 316
Eastern Conference of Home Teachers, 323
Eastern Trunk Line Association, 95
Ebeling, Willi H., 341–42
Echolocation, 5, 294
Écriture nocturne, 102
Edison, Charles, 147
Edison Laboratories, 147
Edison, Thomas A., 144
Education, 438–58, 462–99 ; in college, 37–38, 96–97, 179–82 (See also AFB: scholarship program); Dramatic Arts Project, 481–82 ; in dual schools, 454 ; in industrial arts, 498 ; methods used in, 466, 469–70, 474 ; of multihandicapped children, 485, 488–89, 491–93 ; of partially sighted children, 38, 425, 448, 469–70, 494–96 ; psychological testing in, 474–77 ; in public schools, 38, 456–58, 464–70, 540–41 ; racial segregation in, 456, 472 ; in residential schools, 438, 451–54, 455, 458, 463, 464–67, 473, 486, 493–96, 540–41, 556 ; of retarded children, 488–94 ; segregation of sexes in, 455 ; in sports, 447, 498 ; statistics of, 454, 458, 464, 491, 496 ; textbooks used in, 451, 453, 496 (See also American Printing House for the Blind); and vocational preparation and placement, 448–49, 473, 498–99, 538, 540–41, 556–57 . See also Deaf-blind persons; Preschool services; Talking Book Education Project; Teacher training
851 Blinded Veterans: A Success Story, 315
Eisenhower, President Dwight D., 194
Ekstrom, Parmenia Migel, 47, 370
Electrical Research Products, 149, 157
Electro-braille Communicator. See Tellatouch
Ellis, A. C., 159
Employment Security Act, 254
Envin, Guy, 67
Eustis, Dorothy Harrison, 338–44
Eustis, George, 338, 341
Evans, Luther H., 176, 185
Everett, Ethel, 170–71, 173
Evergreen, 20, 46, 278–86 . See also Red Cross Institute for the Blind; War-blinded, World War I
Evergreen Review, 540, 542
Experimental Station for the Trade Training of the Blind. See Massachusetts Association for [Promoting the Interests of] the Blind
Eye Bank for Sight Restoration, 371
Eye Dog Foundation for the Blind, 346 . See also Mobility: dog guides
Eye of the Pacific Guide Dogs, 346 . See also Mobility: dog guides
F
Facial vision, 5, 8, 294
Fairchild, Sherman M., 188, 404
Fair Labor Standards Act, 237, 253–54
Fairmount Institute, 493
Farley, Postmaster General James A., 218
Faro d'Italia, Il, 434
Farrell, Dr. Gabriel, 54, 296, 444, 479–81, 508
Faximile Visagraph, 399 . See also Visagraph
Federal agencies: Agriculture Department, 225 ; Air Force, 396 ; Argonne National Laboratory, 398 ; Army Signal Corps, 400–401 ; Atomic Energy Commission, 398 ; Budget Bureau, 307 ; Bureau of Labor Statistics, 378 ; Bureau of Prisons, 236–37, 239 ; Census Bureau, 54 ; Civil Service Commission, 272 ; Comptroller General, 226, 248 ; Defense Department, 392 ; General Services Administration, 228 ; National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 396; National Bureau of Standards, 185 ; National Emergency Council, 160 ; National Labor Relations Board, 254 ; National Research Council, 391 ; Office of Scientific Research and Development, 184, 390 ; Post Office Department, 217, 218 ; Public Buildings Administration, 222 ; Surgeon General, 277, 278, 290–97, 391 ; President's Committee on Employment of the Physically Handicapped, 371 ; Treasury Department, 215–19, 280 ; War Department, 290–91 ; War Production Board, 303 ; Works Progress Administration, 162–65, 183 . See also Committee on Sensory Devices; Health, Education, and Welfare, Department of; Military hospitals; Veterans Administration; Veterans Bureau
Federation of the Handicapped, 256
Feeble minded. See Education: retarded children; Psychological testing
Fieser, James L., 286
Finestone, Professor Samuel, 332
Finger-reading systems, 42–44, 102–12, 321, 395–96, 398–99, 442, 451, 532 . See also Boston Line Type; Braille code; Moon Type; New York Point; "War of the dots"
Fingertip vision, 5–8
Finley, Dr. John H., 372
Fish, Representative Hamilton, 241, 303
Fisher, Dr. John D., 439, 440, 441
Fisher, Joshua Francis, 443
Florida School for the Deaf and Blind, 363–64, 495
Foley, Kate M., 15, 18, 321
Foos, Margaret, 7
Forand, Representative Aime J., 204–05
Forbes, Charles B., 286
Ford, Henry, II, 229, 371
Ford Motor Company, 229, 371
Forward, Sophy L., 326
Foster, Emily Welles, 483–84
Foulke, Dr. Emerson, 189, 333
Foundation for Vision, 460
4-H Clubs of America, 348
Fowler, E. H., 22
Fragrance gardens, 382
Frampton, Dr. Merle E., 239–40, 296, 467, 471, 497, 561
France, 102–05, 338, 418, 419, 425, 426–27, 429–30
Frank, Morris, 339, 342–43
Fraser, Ian (later, Lord Fraser of Lonsdale), 109, 275, 425, 437
Freiberger, Howard, 394, 395
French, Dr. Richard S., 297, 471, 537, 547
French Union of the War Blind, 427
Frey, Raymond T., 297, 308, 313
Frick, Kathryne Mary, 507
Friedlander, Julius, 443
From Homer to Helen Keller, 547
Fry, Dr. Thornton C., 188, 404
Fryer, George B., 424
Fuhrmeister, William, 67
Fund for Adult Education, Ford Foundation, 181
Fund-raising practices, 376–77, 562
G
Gage, Mabel Knowles (Mrs. Homer), 27, 28, 78, 359
Gallagher, William F., 366
Gallaudet, Thomas Hopkins, 502
Gamble, Charles, 360
Garin, Maurice, 122
Garin process, 122, 124
Garrett, Mrs. T. Harrison, 278
Gattis, Carlos, 230
Gault, Dr. Robert H., 6–7
Geer, Dr. William C., 188, 404
General Committee on Sheltered Workshops for the Blind, 245–46
General Council of Workshops, 252
General Education Board, 149
General Federation of Women's Clubs, 236
Georgia Academy for the Blind, 458
German measles. See Rubella
Germany, 9, 338–39, 341, 342
Gesell, Dr. Arnold, 486
Gibbs, Katherine (Mrs. Edward E. Allen), 479, 481
Gibson, Harvey D., 86, 359, 372
Gibson, William, 82, 371, 374
Gifford, Ida Hirst-, 67–68, 77–78, 92
Gilman, Arthur, 513
Glaucoma, 57
Glover, Calvin S., 18, 151
Goddard, Dr. Henry H., 39, 475, 489
Gold, Dr. Sonia, 332
Goldmark, Dr. Peter C., 186, 188, 404
Goldthwaite, Lucille (Lucy) A., 19, 23, 129, 423, 545
Goodpasture, Robert C., 250, 251
Goodwill Industries of America, 256
Gore, Senator Thomas P., 134, 137, 175, 272
Government employee welfare associations, 223–28
Graham, Dr. Milton D., 369, 415, 492
Grasse, Edwin, 67, 78
Gray, Major General Carl R., 300, 307
Greater New York Council of Agencies for the Blind, 199
Greater Pittsburgh Guild for the Blind, 354
Greaves, Jessie Royer, 490–91
Greece, 429, 430
Greeley, Isabel, 485
Greenwood, Lloyd, 312, 313, 314, 350–51
Gregory, Michael, 388
Griffin, Donald R., 5
Griffis, Enid, 545
Grosvenor, Dr. Gilbert, 78
Grove Park Report, 330
Gruber, Kathern F. (Kay), 301–02, 305, 309–12, 315, 351, 365, 491
Grunwald, Dr. Arnold P., 398
Guidance devices. See Mobility: guidance devices
Guide Dog Foundation for the Blind (Second Sight), 347 . See also Mobility: dog guides
Guide Dogs for the Blind, 346 . See also Mobility: dog guides
Guide Dog Training for Blind Persons, 345
Guiding Eyes for the Blind, 347 . See also Mobility: dog guides
Guinot, Paul, 425, 426, 430
"Gunbarrel vision," 51
Gustavus and Louise Pfeiffer Research Foundation, 379
H
Hadley, Dr. William A., 325
Hadley School for the Blind, 325, 394, 520, 529
Haitowitsch, Abram, 67
Hall, Frank H., 111–13, 450, 456, 458
Hall, Inis B., 525
Hamilton, W. Howard, 22–23, 27, 358
Hamlin, Robert H., 379
Handel, Alexander F., 367, 380, 381
"Handicap allowance." See Pensions for the blind
Hanks, Nymphus Corridon, 174
Harding, President Warren G., 11, 90–91
Harper, Grace S., 23, 49, 288
Harrison, Charles Custis, 338
Harrison, Philip N., 286, 296
Harrison, Senator Pat, 197
Hartford Foundation, 398
Harvard Course on Education of the Blind, 471 . See also Teacher training
Haskins Laboratories, 391, 393, 397
Hathaway, Winifred, 425
Haüy, Valentin, 440–41
Hawes-Cooper Act, 235–36
Hawley, General Paul R., 299, 300
Hayes, Charles B., 15, 29–30, 32–33, 34, 67, 71, 77, 236, 542, 544
Hayes, Dr. Samuel P., 468, 475–77, 490
Hayes, Lydia Y., 467, 507
Health, Education, and Welfare, Department of, 263, 382, 433 : Division of Services for the Blind, 263 ; Federal Board for Vocational Education, 19, 220, 222, 262, 280–84 ; Federal Security Agency, 207, 259, 262, 263 ; National Eye Institute, 55 ; National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness, 55, 461 ; National Institutes of Health, 392 ; Office of the Blind and Visually Handicapped, 263 ; Office of Education, 219, 223, 262, 356, 381, 392, 396, 398, 412, 528 ; Office of Vocational Rehabilitation (OVR), 223, 247, 262, 263, 265, 352–53, 406, 498, 522 ; Public Health Service, 55, 280 ; Social and Rehabilitation Service (SRS), 250–51, 263, 381, 392, 528 ; Social Security Board, 199, 201 ; Vocational Rehabilitation Administration (VRA), 263, 379, 381, 406
Hedkvist, Charles, 436
Helena Rubinstein Foundation, 334
"Helen Keller Doll," 552
Helen Keller International Award, 437
Helms, Arthur, 163, 183
Henney, Nella Braddy. See Nella Braddy
Hereditary blindness, 57, 455
Herrick, Myron T., 417
Hewitt, Alan, 173
Hewitt, Mrs. Cooper, 417
Hill, Edwin C., 158
Hill, Representative Lister, 132
Hines, General Frank T., 92, 286, 289, 292, 297, 298
Hines VA Hospital, 307–11, 316, 350–51, 394 . See also Veterans Administration
Hirst-Gifford, Ida. See under Gifford
His Master's Eye Institute, 347 . See also Mobility: dog guides
Hitz, John, 512
Hoehne, Charles W., 261
Hoey, Jane M., 206
Hollins, Alfred, 449
Holly Hill Diagnostic and Pre-Vocational Training Center, 327, 365
Holmes, Arthur E., 19
Holmes, Charles W., 18, 22, 42, 234
Holmes, Oliver Wendell, 60, 373
Holmes, Walter G., 22, 43, 277, 508, 530–533, 534, 552
Holt, Edith, 418
Holt, Winifred (Mrs. Rufus Graves Mather), 418, 434–35, 457
Home teaching, 98, 320–21
Honorary Civilian Advisory Committee, Program for the War Blinded of the United States, 296–97
Hooper, J.T., 152
Hooper, Marjorie, 152
Hoover, cane. See Mobility: cane travel
Hoover, Dr. Richard E., 51, 293–94, 309, 331, 350, 355, 371, 409
Hoover, Mrs. Herbert, 422
Hoover, President Herbert, 171, 421
Hope School, 491
Hopkins, Harry L., 160
Hosmer, Representative Craig, 256
Howe, Dr. Samuel Gridley, 233, 439–43, 446 ; and AAIB, 451, 454 ; on blindness, 4 ; and Boston Line Type, 106 ; and Laura Bridgman, 502–03 ; on education (Batavia address), 451–52, 470, 504 ; and Royal Normal College, 446, 535
Howe, Julia Ward, 439, 504
Howe Memorial Press, 112, 115, 120, 121
Howe Publishing Society, 38
Howe, Winthrop K., Jr., 553
Hoyt, Adelia M., 124–25, 133
Huber, J. Y., 230
Huggins, Willetta, 5–7
Humphrey, Elliott S. (Jack), 341–42
Hun, Mary V., 162, 216, 359
Huntoon, Benjamin B., 449, 453
Hurliman, Julius, 117
Hurlin, Dr. Ralph G., 52–53 . See also Blindness: statistics of
Hutton, Laurence, 62
Hvarre, Carl, 230
Hyka, James, 230
Hyman, Professor Herbert, 404
I
Idaho State School for the Blind and Deaf, 369
Ierardi, Francis B., 229, 288
Illinois Bell Telephone Company, 520
Illinois School for the Blind, 31, 108, 111, 450
Illinois Society for the Prevention of Blindness, 19, 408
Immeln, Herman M., 218
Imperial Royal Institute for the Education of the Blind, 445
Income tax exemption, 203
Indiana School for the Blind, 139
Industrial Home for the Blind, 18, 234, 408, 534 ; services for the deaf-blind, 331, 514–15, 516, 520, 521–23 . See also Eben Morford; National Center for Deaf-Blind Youths and Adults; Peter J. Salmon; Harry Spar
Industries for the Blind of New York State, 248
Information media in work for the blind, 530–54
Institution for the Chinese Blind, 424
Institution Nationale des Jeunes Aveugles, 440
Institutions for the Blind in America, 547
Insurance against blindness proposal, 204–05
Intermarriage of blind persons, 455
International Association of Machinists, 346
International Association of Rehabilitation Facilities, 256
International Business Machines, 371, 395, 397
International Congress on Technology and Blindness, 406–07
International Guiding Eyes, 346 . See also Mobility: dog guides.
International Journal for the Education of the Blind, 497
International Research Information Service (IRIS), 407
International work for the blind, 416–37
Interstate Commerce Act, 95–96
Introduction to Working with the Aging Person Who Is Visually Handicapped, An, 558
Iowa College for the Blind (later, Iowa Braille and Sight Saving School), 14–15
Iowa School for the Deaf, 526
IQ. See Education; Psychological testing
Irene Heinz Given and John LaPorte Given Foundation, 379
Irwin, Robert B., 18, 22, 29–30, 35–37, 38, 39–41, 71, 101, 108–09, 361, 369–70, 390–91, 471, 548–49 ; and AAWB, 27, 421, 531 ; and AFOB, 428–31 ; and C. F. F. Campbell, 66, 541–42 ; on colleges for the blind, 37–38 ; and dog guides, 337–41, 342–43 ; and Walter G. Holmes, 531 ; and large-type books, 38, 411–12 ; memoirs of, 108–09, 129, 151, 234, 241, 340, 369, 549 ; and Pratt-Smoot Act, 131, 132–41, 151 ; and psychological testing, 39, 475 ; and public school education, 38–39, 489, 495 ; and Social Security Act, 196–98, 204–05 ; and Talking Book, 145–49, 151–54, 163 ; and Wagner-O'Day Act, 240–42, 247; and war-blinded, 276, 286, 287–90, 300 ; on workshop origins, 234 ; and World Conference on Work for the Blind, 421–22
Israelitisches Blindeninstitut, 423
Italian Association of the Blind, 423
Italy, 423, 430, 434
Itinerant teaching. See Education: methods used in
Ives, Senator Irving M., 206
Ivory, Percy Van Eman, 545
J
Jacobs, H. B., 455
Jameson Loan Fund, 94
Jameson, Mary, 392–94
Jameson, Robert W., 94
Japan, 423
Jastrow, Dr. Joseph, 6
Javits, Senator Jacob K., 255
Jernigan, Kenneth, 87, 381, 562
Jewish Braille Institute, 126
Jewish Guild for the Blind, 126–27
Johns, William F., 346
Johnson, General Hugh S., 237
Johnson, R. Henry P., 297, 327, 364–65
Johnston, Mrs. Lee, 297
Johnstone, Dr. E. R., 490
Joint Committee on the Deaf-Blind, 511, 512
Joint Uniform Braille Committee, 110
Jones, James C., 27
K
Kaata, Ragnhild, 505
Kahn, Otto H., 274, 417
Kallman, Dr. Heinz E., 404
Kansas Rehabilitation Center for the Blind, 332
Kansas School for the Deaf, 507
Kaplan, Ira, 414
Kay Binaural Sensor, 400, 402–03 . See also Mobility: guidance devices
Kay, Dr. Leslie, 402
Keebler-Weyl Baking Company, 230
Keith Jennison Books, 412
Keller, Arthur S., 414, 533
Keller, Helen, 59–88 ; and AFB, 35, 63–87, 371–72 ; on AFB publicity methods, 552 ; and AFOB, 429–30, 433–34 ; and Michael Anagnos, 444 ; on blindness, 4, 72–74 ; on C. F. F. Campbell, 540 ; and cause of the deaf-blind, 500, 505, 512–15 ; Cutsforth on, 468 ; education of, 59–60, 504–05 ; financial problems of, 61–63, 86–87 ; friends and patrons of, 60–63, 372, 455 ; and Arthur Gilman, 513 ; on Walter G. Holmes, 532 ; legislative appearances of, 133, 197, 204, 364 ; mementos and papers of, 373, 551 ; and M. C. Migel, 68–69, 74–78, 82–87 ; on M. C. Migel, 372 ; in motion picture, 64 ; and Pfeiffer family, 87–88 ; public appearances of, 63–64, 72–73 ; on Purple Heart circuit, 304 ; and Will Rogers, 158 ; and Franklin D. Roosevelt, 160–62 ; on Peter J. Salmon, 523 ; speech difficulties of, 63, 505 ; and Talking Book, 86, 153–54, 158 ; and Mark Twain, 61–62 ; in vaudeville, 64 ; and William Wade, 505–06, 512–14 ; work habits of, 83–84 ; writings of, 60, 63, 81 . See also Anne Sullivan Macy; Polly Thomson
Keller, Representative Kent, 159–60
Kelley Committee hearings, 203–04
Kelley, Representative Augustine B., 203
Kellogg Foundation, 169, 432, 512
Kendrick, Baynard, 311–12
Kennedy-Baring bill, 560
Kennedy, Senator John F., 560
Kent, A. Atwater, 94
Kentucky School for the Blind, 114, 449, 497
Keppel, Dr. Frederick B. 117, 147
Kessler, George Alexander, 416–20, 422, 437
Kiefer, Dr. Frieda (Mrs. Ralph Merry), 478
Kindergarten for Little Blind Children, 444
Kinney, Richard, 529
Kinsey, Dr. V. Everett, 460
Kleber, Chester C., 163, 243, 249, 250
Kleber, Jackson Oscar, 148–49, 159, 163, 172, 187, 388, 413
Kleidograph, 112
Klein, Johann Wilhelm, 336, 445
Knight, John, 173
Knox, Navy Secretary Frank, 292
Knudson, Dr. A. B. C., 351
Kolle, Thor W., Jr., 251
Korbel, Mario, 371
Kozlow, Buckley, 173
Kratz, John A., 222, 262
Kuleshova, Rosa, 7
Kumpe, Roy, 224, 327
Kvale, Representative Paul J., 139, 141–42
L
Lachance, Ludivine, 508
Lacy, Floyd, 230
LaFollette, Senator Robert M., Jr., 151–52, 259 . See also Vocational Rehabilitation Act amendments
Land, Edwin H., 188, 404
Landor, Amelia, 49
Langan, Paul J., 497
Langworth, Jessica, 471
Lanzetta, Representative James J., 242
Large-type books, 38, 411–12, 496
Laser cane, 401 . See also Mobility: guidance devices
Latimer, Henry Randolph, 20–21, 133, 358 ; and AAWB, 15, 17, 21–23, 25–27 ; and AFB, 28–29, 372, 549 ; and C. F. F. Campbell, 540–42 ; on Irwin, 100–101 ; on local agency independence, 33 ; memoirs of, 547 ; on need for national organization, 21–24
Latimer, Lillian Emmeline, 20
Latin America, 423, 431–32
Lauer, Harvey L., 394
Laughlin, Alexander M., 428
Laura Spelman Rockefeller Memorial, 99
Lavelle School for the Blind, 534
Lavender, Raymond, 121, 122
Leader Dogs for the Blind, 346 . See also Mobility: dog guides
LeFevre, Robert, 244, 248–49
Lehlbach, Representative Frederick, 142
Lende, Helga, 547, 549, 550
Lesueur, François, 441
Levine, Marguerite, 551
Levy, William Hanks, 335–36
Lexiphone, 394
Library Services and Construction Act, 191
Library services for the blind, 128–43, 144–94
Library of Congress, 122, 130, 133–43, 175–79, 192 ; and brailled books, 125, 126 ; certification of volunteers by, 123, 126, 181–82 ; and recorded books, 150–52, 154–55, 157, 184–88
Liechty, Howard M., 369, 533, 545
Lighthouse (New York). See New York Association for the Blind
Lighthouses (overseas), 418, 434, 435
Lindsay, Sir Charles W., 27, 28, 358
Lineberry, George E., 53
Linvill, Candace, 395, 396
Linvill, Professor John, 395–96, 398
Lions Clubs, 52, 73–74, 93, 214, 327, 346, 349, 364
Lipton, Thomas J., Inc., 334
Little Rock (Ark.) Adjustment Center for the Blind, 327
Liverpool School for the Blind, 445
Lombroso, Cesare, 7
"Long cane." See Mobility: cane travel
Long Cane, The (film), 350
Lorm, Hieronymus, 518
Los Angeles Nursery School for Visually Handicapped Children, 485
Louis IX, King of France, 8
Lowenfeld, Berthold, 168, 446, 471, 472
Low-vision services, 408–12, 556 . See also Optical aids
Luce, Representative Robert, 133
Lynd, Robert and Helen, 13
Lyon, Mrs. Edmund B., 78
M
Maas, General Melvin J., 371
MacDonald, Mrs. Ranald H., Jr., 181
Mace, Irene (Mrs. Ian Fraser), 275
MacFarland, Douglas C., 232, 265
MacKenzie, Sir Clutha, 275
Mack, Rebecca, 509–11, 514–15
MacLeish, Archibald, 171, 176, 178
Macy, Anne Sullivan, 60, 69–70, 81–84, 85–86, 373, 504–06, 511, 514, 515 ; and AFB, 68–82, 83–84, 153 ; and Michael Anagnos, 444 ; Braddy biography of, 62–63, 82 ; and Laura Bridgman, 504–06 ; on Charles B. Hayes, 35 ; and M. C. Migel, 68–70, 74–78, 82–86 ; on optical aid, 408 ; and teachers of the deaf, 512–15 ; teaching methods of, 504–06, 512–15 ; and Alexander Woollcott, 158 . See also Helen Keller
Macy, John Albert, 60
Magill, A. N., 325
Magnuson, Dr. Paul A., 300, 307
Magnuson, Senator Warren, 255
Malmazian, John D., 308, 316
Mann, Horace, 439–440
Mann, Professor Robert W., 391, 398
Manual alphabet, 503, 517–19 . See also Deaf-blind persons, methods of communication with
Map-making, 399
Martello, Antonio ("blind Tony"), 483–85
Martin, Helen May, 507
Martin, Representative Joseph W., 216
Maryland Association of Workers for the Blind, 21
Maryland School for the Blind, 17, 20, 26–27, 293, 299, 350, 355, 369, 464, 480, 481, 495
Mason, Professor Samuel J., 395
Massachusetts Association for [Promoting the Interests of] the Blind, 229, 536, 537, 538
Massachusetts [Charitable] Eye and Ear Infirmary, 56, 460
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 357, 390, 391, 395, 397, 403, 404, 406, 520
Master Eye Foundation, 347 . See also Mobility: dog guides
Mather, Dr. Rufus Graves, 434, 435
Matilda Ziegler Magazine for the Blind. See Ziegler Magazine for the Blind
Mauch Laboratories, 394
Maxfield, Kathryn, 476, 478, 482–83
Mayo, Rear Admiral Arthur H., 244
McAloney, Thomas S., 22
McAulay, John, 230–31
McCormack, John, 158
McCullom, August, 230
McCullom, Kenneth, 230
McDaniel, Durward K., 563
McDaniel, W. L., 297
McGettigan, John, 230
McKay, Evelyn C., 213, 368, 542, 545
McManaway, H. M., 511
McNutt, Paul V., 259, 288, 292
Medical Facilities Survey and Construction Act, 330
Megascope, 409, 411
Mellon, Treasury Secretary Andrew W., 216
Mentor, The, 449
Merritt, Representative Matthew J., 164
Merwin, Susan B., 22
Metcalf, Senator Jesse H., 150, 151
Methods of Communication with Deaf-Blind People, 518
Meyer, Dr. Herman H. B., 154, 155, 176
Meyer, George F., 375, 466–67
Michigan School for the Blind, 17–18, 450, 463, 492
Middlemiss, Sergeant-Major Robert, 417
Migel, Elisa Parada (Mrs. M. C.), 46–48
Migel, Hannah, 44–45
Migel, M. C. ("Major"), 42–49, 71, 370, 371 ; as AFB president, 22, 27–32, 359, 549 ; and Dramatic Arts Project, 481–82 ; and Helen Keller and Anne Sullivan Macy, 68–70, 74–78, 82–86 ; Helen Keller on, 372 ; legislative influence exerted by, 90–91, 132, 141–42, 197, 206, 215–16, 259 ; philanthropies of, 28, 30, 69, 94, 99, 312, 370 ; and Rest Haven, 47–48 ; and Talking Book, 150, 153, 156, 160, 162 ; and Uniform Type Commission, 43 ; war services of, 45–46, 277 ; and workshops for the blind, 243, 244, 259 ; and World Conference on Work for the Blind, 421, 425, 426, 480
Migel Medal, 108, 125, 169, 229, 243, 249, 252, 264, 370–71, 382, 457, 551
Migel Memorial Library, 371, 548–49
Migel, Parmenia. See Parmenia Migel Ekstrom
Migel, Richard H., 47, 361, 375, 382, 414, 428
Migel, Saul H., 45
Milam, Carl H., 133
Military hospitals: Dibble, 290 ; Letterman, 290 ; Northington, 304 ; Old Farms (Avon), 293–97, 307, 311 ; Philadelphia Naval, 296 ; Valley Forge, 290, 293, 299, 307–08 . See also Evergreen; War-blinded
Military Order of the Purple Heart, 317
Mills, Frederick H., 277
Mills, Treasury Secretary Ogden L., 216
Minneapolis Society for the Blind, 19
Minnesota School for the Blind, 481
Miracle Worker, The (play), 73, 82, 371, 374
Missouri School for the Blind, 107, 464
Mobility, 335–57, 390, 391, 399–402, 498 ; and cane travel, 293–94, 328–29, 335–36, 349–50 ; and dog guides, 303, 337–49, 355–56 ; and guidance devices, 356, 390, 391, 399–403 ; teaching of, 349–56, 498 . See also under names of individual dog guide schools
Model Reporting Area for Blindness Statistics, 55
Mogdlin Company (Mogdlin Maid, later Royal Maid), 250
Montgomery, Captain Howard H., 297
Moon, Dr. William, 106, 320
Moon, Robert C., 320, 537
Moon Society, 320
Moon Type, 106, 321, 532
Moore, Mrs. William H., 149, 372
Moor, Pauline M., 368, 488, 491
Moran, Walter, 230
More of the Blind, 324
Morford, Eben P., 18, 22, 234, 538
Morgan, John P., II, 375, 383
Morgan, William Fellowes, 27, 358
Morgenthau, Treasury Secretary Henry, Jr., 217, 219
Morgret, Eugene D., 246
Morris, Richard L., 360, 428
Morse Code, 518, 520
Moses, Robert, 85
Moses, Senator George H., 421
Mudge, C. Bradford, 546
Muhlfeld, Jane, 172, 194
Multihandicapped blind persons, 251–52, 302, 310, 331 . See also Deaf-blind persons; Education: multihandicapped
Mumford, L. Quincy, 176
Munroe, James P., 19
Munsey, Frank A., 417
Murphy, Dr. Eugene F., 400, 401
Murphy, Joseph J., 27
Music, 108, 213
Musical Review for the Blind, 108
N
Nagle, J. Stewart, 153
Nagle, John F., 267, 382, 563
Nate, Dr. Joseph C., 30–31, 64
National Accreditation Council for Agencies Serving the Blind and Visually Handicapped (NAC), 252, 380–82, 411, 562
National Association for Retarded Children, 256
National Association of Book Publishers, 147
National Association of Instructors of the Deaf, 509
National Association of Sheltered Workshops, 256
National Bowling Council, 315
National Braille Association, 126
National Braille Press, 182
National Center for Deaf-Blind Youths and Adults, 266, 523, 528
National Committee on Special Recording. See Recording for the Blind
National Conference on the Blind Preschool Child, 486
National Council of Executives of State Agencies, 363
National Council of State Agencies for the Blind, 227
National Federation of the Blind, 207, 209, 225, 227, 253, 256, 267, 381, 559–63
National Federation of the Blind (France), 429
National Industries for the Blind (NIB), 242–56, 370, 373 . See also Workshops for the blind
National Institute for the Blind. See Royal National Institute for the Blind
National Institution for the Blind, 102, 105
National Library for the Blind, 134–35, 175
National Recovery Act (NRA), 237
National Rehabilitation Association, 256, 268
National Research Council of Canada, 414
National Research Development Corporation, 402
National Society for the Prevention of Blindness (NSPB), 52, 56, 410, 425, 462, 495
National Study Committee on Education of Deaf-Blind Children, 526
National Task Force on Career Education, 499
National Task Force on Early Child Development, 488
Nature trails, brailled, 382
Naumburg, Robert E., 399
Near East Foundation, 429, 431
Negro blind persons, 204 . See also Education: racial segregation
Newcomer, Waldo, 26
New England Asylum for the Blind. See Perkins School for the Blind
New Jersey Training School for the Feeble Minded, 39, 475, 489
New Mexico School for the Blind, 473
New Orleans Seminar, 330, 331
New Outlook for the Blind. See Outlook for the Blind
News and Views, 543
New York Association for the Blind (Lighthouse), 215, 251, 339, 537
New York Bible Society, 159
New York City Board of Education, 113, 537
New York Institute for the Education of the Blind (earlier, New-York Institution for the Blind), 98, 167, 240, 296, 438, 442, 465, 471, 497, 524, 533
New York Point, 43, 111–13, 443, 532 . See also "War of the dots"
New York (City) Public Library, 19, 98, 179–81, 412
New York State Federation of Workers for the Blind, 236
New York State School for the Blind (Batavia), 452, 466, 482
New York Telephone Company, 520
New York Times Large Type Weekly, 412
New Zealand National Institute for the Blind, 275
Nixon, President Richard M., 228, 269
Nolan, Edward J., 456
No Place to Go, 491
North Carolina Pre-Conditioning Center for the Blind, 327, 331
Norwegian Federation of the Blind, 423
No Time to Lose, 491
Noyes, Jansen, Jr., 187, 249, 251, 360, 362, 374–76, 378, 428
Nursery schools, 463, 483–85
O
Obstacle detectors. See Mobility: guidance devices
Occupations, 212–32, 233–56, 257–72 ; "blind trades," 10, 212, 234 ; civil service, 271 ; clerical, 213 ; computer programming, 270–71 ; industrial homework, 249 ; insurance underwriting, 213 ; osteopathy, 213, 270 ; physical therapy, 213, 270 ; taxpayer service representatives, 266 ; teaching, 270, 364, 473 (See alsoHome teaching; Teaching training); vending standkeeping, 214–28 . See also Education: vocational preparation and placement; Vocational placement; Vocational training and rehabilitation services; Workshops for the blind
O'Day, Representative Caroline, 238, 242
Ohio State School for the Blind, 481, 539, 550
Ohnstead, Carston, 230
Oliphant, George F., 458, 465
One-fare law, 95–96
Ophthalmia neonatorum, 55–56, 537
Ophthalmologists, 332, 407–10
Optacon, 395–98
Optical aids, 391, 407–11 . See also Low-vision services; Reading machines
Optiscope, 411
Optometrists, 408–10 . See also Low-vision services
Optophone, 393–95, 397
Oregon Plan. See Education: methods used in
Oregon School for the Blind, 454, 463, 468, 470, 492
Organization for Social and Technical Innovation (OSTI), 559
Orientation, 337 . See also Mobility
"Orientors." See Mobility: cane travel
Osteopathy. See Occupations
Outlook for the Blind, 24, 35, 387, 482, 536–40, 542, 544 ; under AFB, 542–46 ; under Campbell, 536–40, 542, 545 ; editorial policies of, 212, 542–44 ; editors of, 37, 299, 369, 536–40, 542, 545
Overbrook School for the Blind, 230, 322, 438, 443, 449, 463, 473, 474–75, 490 . See also Edward E. Allen; Olin H. Burritt
Oxford Conference, 369, 426, 431, 436
P
Palmer, Eber L., 297, 369, 482
Palmer, Francis E., 14–15, 17
Parent counseling. See Preschool services
Parsons, Cora (Mrs. George A. Kessler), 417
Partially sighted persons, 38, 51, 425, 448, 469, 494–95 . See also Education: partially sighted; Optical aids
Pathsounder, 400, 403
Patterson, Donald G., 176, 192–93
Patz, Dr. Arnall, 461, 462
Pearson, Arthur (later, Sir Arthur), 273–76, 416, 418
Peck, Gregory, 172
Penniman, A. W., 442
Pennsylvania Association for the Blind, 21, 183, 232, 286, 539
Pennsylvania Department of Public Welfare, 326, 551
Pennsylvania Home Teaching Society, 320, 537
Pennsylvania Institution for the Deaf, 507
Pennsylvania Institution for the Instruction of the Blind (later, Pennsylvania School for the Blind). See Overbrook School for the Blind
Pennsylvania State Council for the Blind, 230
Pennsylvania Working Home for Blind Men, 277
Pensions for the blind, 39–40, 200, 203, 205, 209–10
Peoples, Rear Admiral Christian J., 244
Perceptual Alternatives Laboratory, 333
Peripatology. See Mobility
Perkins, Colonel Thomas H., 442
Perkins, Representative Carl, 268
Perkins School for the Blind (earlier, Perkins Institution and Massachusetts Asylum for the Blind), 106–07, 438, 439–42, 451, 455, 476, 478–81, 534 ; "blindiana" library of, 430, 444 ; deaf-blind children educated in, 503–04, 507, 508, 516, 524, 526 ; "experimental school" project in, 478–79 ; home teaching initiated by, 321 ; parent counseling program in, 463 ; teacher training by, 471 ; workshop associated with, 233 . See also Edward E. Allen; Michael Anagnos; Education; Samuel G. Howe; Teacher training
Perkins, Secretary of Labor Frances, 160
Perry, Newel, 96, 471
Personnel surveys, 265, 378
Pew, James Edgar, 460
Pfeffer, Colonel Charles A., 297
Pfeiffer, Gustavus A., 87–88, 359, 372
Pfeiffer, Robert, 87–88
Phare de France; 418, 434, 435
Phonograph records, 144–47, 149–50 . See also Talking Book
Pierce, Robinson, 269
Pilot Dogs, 347 . See also Mobility: dog guides
Pine Brook Conference, 469–70 . See also Education: methods used in
Piney Woods School for the Colored, 456
Pittsburgh Association for the Blind, 539
Plymouth State Home and Training School, 493
Poitras, Edward J., 188
Pollak, Dr. Simon, 107
Polyphonic devices. See Reading machines
Postal laws, 128, 155, 183, 414
Potts, Philip Clive, 369, 472, 482, 545
Powers, Manuel, 187, 388
Pratt, Representative Ruth Baker, 130–31, 150
Pratt-Smoot Act, 131–43, 150–52, 159, 165–66
Preschool services, 444, 463, 483–88
Price, Noel B., 251
Prisoners as volunteer tape recorders, 182
Prison-made goods, 235–37
Proceedings of the World Conference on Work for the Blind, 423, 547
Professionalization, 322–27, 330, 352–53, 367–69, 376–82
Projection magnifiers. See Optical aids
Psychiatrist Works with Blindness, A, 332, 549
Psychological testing, 475–78
Putnam, Herbert, 150, 152, 154, 162, 175, 176
Q
Quimby, Neal F., 473, 496
Quinze-Vingts, L'Hôpital des, 8
R
Rabi, I. I., 388
Radio campaign, 93–95
Radio Corporation of America (RCA), 94, 147, 149, 157, 167, 393, 397, 400
Ralls, J. H., 134
Randolph, Senator Jennings, 52, 219, 227, 228, 255, 268, 314, 371
Randolph-Sheppard Act (PL 74-732), 219–32
Raskin, Nathaniel, 368–69
Raverat, Georges, 422, 427, 428, 429, 437
Rawls, Fletcher H., 244
Rayburn, Representative Sam, 242
Reader's Digest, 178, 412
Reader service for blind students, 96, 180
Reading machines, 390, 392–400
Reading Room for the Blind, 175 . See also Library of Congress
Readophone, 156–58
Recording for the Blind, 180–83, 186, 534
Red Cross Institute for the Blind, 281–85, 418, 539–40 . See also Evergreen; War-blinded, World War I
Reed-Ives bill, 206
Reed, Representative Daniel A., 135, 142, 206
Reed, Robert B., 285
Rehabilitation Centers for Blind Persons, 330
Rehabilitation programs, civilian, 261, 298, 319–34, 352
Rehabilitation programs, military. See Military hospitals; Veterans Administration; War-blinded
Rehabilitation teachers. See Home teaching
Research to Prevent Blindness, 371, 437
Rest Haven, 47–48, 67, 482
Retina Foundation, 344
Retinitis pigmentosa, 57
Retrolental fibroplasia (RLF), 57, 459–65
Rhine, Dr. J. B., 7
Rhoads, John P., 320
Rhode Island, 34
Richards, Laura E., 439, 509
Richardson, Dr. Stephen A., 404
Richterman, Harold, 252
Riddle, Theodate Pope, 293
Rider, Gertrude T., 19, 23, 122–23, 277
"Right to organize" bill, 560
Riley, Dr. John W., Jr., 404
Risley, Burt L., 261
Ritter, Charles G. (Chick), 163, 386–88, 401, 404, 407, 409
Rives, Louis H., Jr., 264, 352
Robert, L. W., Jr., 217
Roberts, Harold G., 367, 436
Roberts, Martin A., 176
Robinson, Leonard A., 218–19, 220, 223
Robrahn, Judge Reese H., 563
Rocheleau, Corinne (later, Mrs. Wilfred Rouleau), 508–11, 514
Rockefeller Brothers Fund, 379
Rockefeller Foundation, 482
Rockefeller, John D., Jr., 98–99, 421
Rodenberg, Louis W., 108
Rogers, Daisy, 339
Rogers, Mr. and Mrs. H. H., 61–62
Rogers, Will, 158
Roosevelt, Eleanor (Mrs. F. D.), 171
Roosevelt, President Franklin D., 160–62, 216, 218, 238, 243, 288, 372, 390
Root, Elihu, 417
Ross, Ishbel, 3
Rouleau, Mrs. Wilfred. See Corinne Rocheleau
Royal Commonwealth Society for the Blind, 432
Royal National Institute for the Blind, 273, 386, 429, 446
Royal Normal College and Academy of Music for the Blind, 446–49, 535, 541
Royer-Greaves School, 491
Rubella (German measles), 57, 488, 525, 556
Rue, Edgar H., 431
Rusalem, Herbert, 529
Rushton, Edward, 445
Rusk, Howard, 328
Rusk, R. Roy, 436
Russ, Dr. John Dennison, 442
Russell, Lindsay, 403
S
St. Dunstan's, 273–76, 278–79, 290, 311, 402, 416, 417, 420, 425, 429
St. Louis Lighthouse for the Blind, 254
St. Paul's Rehabilitation Center, 298, 332, 352
Salmon, Peter J., 199, 207, 236–37, 243, 428 ; Helen Keller on, 522–23 ; and rehabilitation of deaf-blind, 515, 516, 521–23 ; and war-blinded, 288, 297
Sarnoff, David, 147
Sausser, Doris P., 366
Scandlin, W. I., 22
Schafer, Representative John C., 135, 136, 142
Schall, Senator Thomas D., 215, 272, 347, 349
Schenley, Mary X., 455
Scherer, Helen, 388
Schill, D. H., 245
Schloss, Irvin P., 207, 268, 314, 563
Scholarships. See AFB: scholarship program
Schools for the blind. See Education, and under names of individual schools
Schools for the deaf, 440, 502, 507, 512–14, 523, 524, 525–26 . See also Deaf-blind persons
Schultz, Helen, 507–08
Schwegemann, George A., Jr., 176
Science for the Blind, 401
Scott, Professor Robert A., 558
Scourby, Alexander, 172, 174
"Seal of Good Practice," 377
Seeing Eye, 252, 332, 338–45, 551 . See also Mobility: dog guides
Self-care by blind persons, 333, 385–88, 558
Seligman, Eustace, 374–75, 382, 428
Sensicall, 520
Sensory compensation, 4–5, 337
Septinelli, Anthony, 230
Sheil, Bishop Bernard J., 347
Sheppard, Senator Morris, 219
Sheridan, Martin, 388
Sherwin, Prudence, 27, 28, 340, 358, 360
Shortley, Michael J., 262, 263
Shotwell, Ambrose M., 17, 450, 548
Shotwell Award, 44, 169, 264, 286, 344, 480, 551
Siddall, A., 322
Sight-savings classes. See Education: partially sighted
Silverman, Dr. William, 462
Simpson, Oma, 524
Sinclair, S. Mervyn, 197
Sinykin, John L., 347
Sisters of Providence, 509
Skilcraft products, 250
Smith, Alice, 194
Smith, Benjamin F., 481
Smith, Dr. J. Francis, 288
Smith-Fess Act, 19
Smith, Governor Alfred E., 93
Smith-Hughes Vocational Act, 280
Smith, Joel W., 449
Smith-Kettlewell Institute of Visual Sciences, 396
Smith, L.C., and Corona Typewriter Company, 120
Smith, Patricia Scherf, 545, 554
Smith, Xenophon P., 176
Smithdas, Robert, 528
Smoot, Senator Reed, 131, 150, 216
Social Security Act, 195–211
Social work, 322–26, 367–68
Society for the Relief of the Destitute Blind, 43, 48
Sommers, Dr. Vita Stein, 486
Sonograph, 184–85
Soundscriber, 180–81
South Dakota School for the Deaf, 524
Southern Regional Education Board, 473
Soviet Academy of Sciences, 7
Spallanzani, Lazzaro, 5
Spar, Harry, 310, 408
Spaulding, John, 61
Speech compression, 189–90
Spelled-speech machine, 397 . See also Reading machines
Spencer, Emily Meredith Read, 373
Spring Mill Conference, 329
Stalling, Dr. Gerhard, 338
Standards and certification, 323–26, 352–56, 376, 377, 473 . See also Commission on Standards and Accreditation; National Accreditation Commission
Standards for Production of Reading Materials for the Blind and Visually Handicapped, 412
Standfast, Richard, 548
Stanford Research Institute, 395
Stanwix House, 412
State agencies and commissions for the blind, 258–62 : Connecticut, 484 ; Delaware, 362 ; Florida, 327, 363, 364, 368 ; Iowa, 98, 562 ; Massachusetts, 32, 234, 340, 484, 536 ; Missouri, 551 ; New Jersey, 98, 368, 466 ; New York, 46, 49, 215, 359, 553 ; North Carolina, 327 ; Ohio, 457, 539 ; Texas, 261, 331 ; Utah, 18 ; Virginia, 18
Stein, Dr. Jules C., 371, 407
Steinkraus, Helen Ziegler, 534
Step-by-Step Guide to Personal Management for Blind Persons, A, 333
Stimson, Secretary of War Henry L., 292
Stotesbury, E. S., 417
Stringer, Thomas, 507
Sullivan, Algernon Sydney, 419
Sullivan, Anne (Annie). See Anne Sullivan Macy
Swail, James C., 414
Swift, Edith, 71
Swift, Sherman C., 15, 359, 468, 509
Switzer, Mary E., 218–19, 263–64, 265, 371, 522
Synthetic speech machine, 397 . See also Reading machines
Syracuse University Center for the Development of Blind Children, 526
T
Tactaphone, 520
Tactile Speech Indicator, 520
Tactile Vision Substitution System (TVSS), 396, 397 . See also Reading machines
Tadoma Method, 525
Taft, Chief Justice William Howard, 77–78
Tagore, Rabindranath, 373
Talking Book, 144–94 ; distribution of, 155, 165–66, 179, 190–94 ; and Helen Keller, 86, 153, 158 ; playback machines for, 152–54, 159–64, 183–87 ; Readophone competition with, 156–58 ; selection of titles for, 154–55, 158, 177–79 ; voices heard on, 170–75
Talking Book Education Project, 168–69, 481
Talking Book Topics, 193–94, 548
Tangible type. See Finger-reading systems
Tape Recording Books for the Blind, 183
Task Force on Career Education, 557
Task Force on Geriatric Blindness, 557
"Teacher." See Anne Sullivan Macy
Teachers, blind. See Occupations
Teachers Forum, 369, 478–79, 480, 482, 543, 544
Teacher training programs, 98, 323–24, 470–74
Telephone Pioneers of America, 183
Tellatouch, 413, 520 . See also Deaf-blind persons: methods of communication with
Ten Broek, Jacobus, 561–62
Tennessee School for the Blind (earlier, State Institution for the Blind), 446, 471, 562
Terry, Dr. Theodore L., 459–60, 488
Texas School for the Blind, 486
Thatcher, Representative Maurice H., 140, 142
Thaw, Mrs. William, 83, 455
Thaw, William, 455
Thompson, Robert H., 464
Thomson, Polly, 63, 86, 87, 304, 374 . See also Helen Keller
Thorne, Colonel Frederick H., 293, 295
Title X (Aid to the Blind). See Social Security Act
Tokyo School for the Blind, 423
Tolman, Charles P., 404, 413
Touch museums, 382
Townsend, Alex H., 435–36
Townsend, M. Roberta, 246, 376
Travel concessions. See One-fare law
Truman, President Harry S., 171, 206, 307
"Tunnel vision," 51
Turner, Ada, 19
Twain, Mark, 60–62, 373
Tynan, Maurice I., 223, 244, 264, 285, 288
U
Uniform Type Committee, 38, 43 . See also "War of the dots"
United Nations and affiliates, 431–33
United States Blind Veterans of the World War, 285–86, 418
United States Committee on the War Blind, 289
Universal Braille Press, 115, 137–38, 140 . See also Braille Institute of America
V
VA-Bionic Laser Cane, 400, 401 . See also Mobility: guidance devices
VIST. See Veterans Administration: Visual Impairment Services Teams
Vail, Colonel Derrick T., 296–97
Valentin Haüy Association, 423
Vance, Joseph E., 285
Van Cleve, Edward M., 15, 22, 167, 240, 277, 495
Vanderbilt, William K., 417
Van Dyke, Dr. Henry, 70, 78
Variable Speech Control, 190
Vaux, Robert, 443
Vending stands, 212–32
Venereal disease, 56–57
Veterans Administration: rehabilitation centers for war-blinded, 259, 289, 292–318, 351, 394 ; support of sensory aid research, 389, 391–92, 394, 399, 400, 401, 402–03 ; Visual Impairment Services Teams, 316
Veterans Bureau (later, Veterans Administration), 91–92, 276, 280, 285
Vibration method of speech teaching, 6–7, 524–25 . See also Deaf-blind persons, methods of teaching speech to
Victor Company, See Radio Corporation of America
Vienna Institute for the Blind, 430
Villey, Professor Pierre, 106, 423
Vineland school. See New Jersey Training School for the Feeble Minded
Visagraph, 399 . See also Reading machines
Visotactor, Visotoner, 394–95 . See also Reading machines
Vivian, Ruth, 481
Vocational placement, 221–22
Vocational Rehabilitation Act amendments, 202, 252, 257–72, 365, 558
Vocational Training and Employment of Deaf-Blind Adults, 520
Vocational training and rehabilitation services, 250–72 . See also Education: vocational preparation
Vocations, study of, 213–15 . See also Occupations
Volta Bureau, 510–11, 512
Voluntary Health and Welfare Agencies in the United States (Hamlin Report), 379
Volunteers, 123–24, 126–27, 179–83
Von Paradis, Maria, 440
Voorhees, Arthur, 230, 368
W
Wade, William 506, 509, 512–13
Wadsworth, Senator James, 215
Wagner-Lewis Economic Security Bill. See Social Security Act
Wagner-O'Day Act (PL 75-739), 201, 202, 239, 240–42, 244–45, 247–48, 255–56 . See also Workshops for the blind
Wagner, Senator Robert F., 197, 201, 238–39
Wait, William Bell, 111–13, 443, 451, 458
Walcott, Senator Frederic C., 152
Walker, Frank C., 160
Walker, Hulen C., 207, 224, 230
Wallace, L. W., 23–25, 285
Walsh, Senator David I., 219
Walter E. Fernald State School, 439, 493
Waltham Watch Company, 96
Wampler, I. S., 471
Wanamaker, Rodman, 93
War-blinded, Korea, 310–11
War-blinded, Vietnam, 317
War-blinded, World War I, 9, 20, 46, 90–92, 273–86
War-blinded, World War II, 287–311, 315–16
Warburg, Felix M., 27, 97, 99, 358
Warfield, Brigadier Augustus B., 244
"War of the dots," 10, 42–44, 532, 537 . See also Braille code; New York Point
War Risk Insurance Act, 279–80
Wartenberg, Ruth, 388
Washington (D.C.) Society for the Blind, 223
Washington State School for the Blind, 36, 370, 466
Waterhouse, Edward J., 481
Watson, Senator James E., 236
Watson, Thomas J., 371
Watts, Louis L., 18, 197, 288
"Weeks for the Blind," 32–34, 551
Werntz, George, Jr., 342, 344
Western Blind Rehabilitation Center (VA), 316
Western Electric Company, 147
Western Pennsylvania School for Blind Children, 33, 454
What of the Blind?, 324, 547
Wheeler, Senator Burton K., 239
White cane laws, 350 . See also Mobility: cane travel
White, Herbert H., 27, 79–81, 358, 360
White House Conference on Aging, 558
White House Conference on Child Health and Protection, 489–90
Whitman, Governor Charles S., 46, 359
Whitstock, Robert H., 343
Whittier, John Greenleaf, 505
Whittington, C. H., 365
Wiener, Norbert, 390
Wiesner, Dr. Jerome B., 188, 371, 390, 404
Wilcox, Ruth E., 109
Williams, Dr. Thomas J., 5–6
Williams, Russell C., 307–10, 351, 352, 353
Will Rogers Memorial Fund, 512
Wilson, George S., 22, 139
Wilson, John F., 437
Wilson, President Woodrow, 417
Winter, H. Lyle, 174
Wisconsin School for the Blind, 5, 152
Witcher, Clifford M., 388–90, 404, 413
Wolf, Anna W. M., 486
Women's International Bowling Congress, 313, 315
Woodcock, Charles C., 492
Wood, Henry A. (Pete), 327, 331
Woodin, Treasury Secretary William H., 216–17
Woollcott, Alexander, 158, 170, 344
Woolly, J. Max, 383, 493
Working with Deaf-Blind Clients, 517
Workshops for the blind, 10, 229, 233–56, 536, 563
World Conference on Work for the Blind, 109, 343, 399, 421–25, 480
World Council for the Blind, 425–26
World Council for the Welfare of the Blind, 369, 426, 431, 436
Wright, Betty, 511
Wright-Humason School, 512
Wurster, Marion V., 366
X
Xavier Society for the Blind, 127
Y
Young, John Russell, 175
Youngstown Society for the Blind, 18, 221
Youtz, Dr. Richard P., 7–8
Z
Zacharias, Leona, 460
Ziegler, Electa Matilda, 359–60, 531–33, 534
Ziegler Foundation, 192, 533–34
Ziegler Magazine for the Blind, 113–14, 387, 530–35
Ziegler, William, Jr., 86, 99, 243, 249, 359–60, 374, 428, 534
Ziegler, William, Sr., 360, 531
Ziegler, William, III, 534
Ziemer, Gregor, 553–54
